Thinking, as well as the mind, have become so uninteresting and unfamiliar for a very long time. Even though thinking is the foundation of our lives and every intention and action is tied to it, it is neither studied nor given any real attention.

Thinking comes in two types – independent and substitutionary, also referred to as consciousness and the subconscious.

We call consciousness the independent thinking in everything in which we ourselves participate and take responsibility for.

We call the subconscious all those invisible mental operations that proceed without our intervention and substitute for us, such as habits and ready-made answers. In fact, it is more correct to call them awareness and unawareness.

The foundation of thinking is comparison.

Comparison is a skill exercised by contrasting similarities, differences, ratios, component parts, and sequence. The primary method of comparison is when we identify the exact opposite of the goal of our thinking and set them side by side.

Imagination is the skill of foreseeing what lies ahead, and is exercised by constructing intentions for our forthcoming actions.

Remembering is a skill exercised by preserving and organizing data regarding events, information, knowledge, and everything necessary that will be used during the process of thinking.