GaneshaI was looking for a shorter explanation of the word yoga, and I took the meanings from the dictionary of Professor Vaman Shivram Apte from 1890, I have translated the English meanings through Google translator into Bulgarian. If anyone wants to dig deeper, I’ve put it all below as taken from the dictionary – with the English meanings. If you translate each English word separately, you will be able to come up with several more meanings. Digging through these dictionaries is definitely a lot of fun, but it’s also time-consuming. Dictionaries and Sanskrit are not my goal, but one of my aids to my main goal of restoring an old text. I search for the meanings of certain words in this jungle of countless meanings. Everything written by each dictionary is scrutinized, and everything read is thought over and over. For most words, I have repeated this over a period of time. I look for the underlying meanings of words, and very often they are missing. In some cases the existing meanings are related and suggestive of the underlying meaning, but in other cases there are no connections whatsoever. At the same time, I am compiling my own dictionary, in which I collect certain meanings, which I also review and consider periodically. And here are the meanings from one dictionary:
योगः [युज् भावादौ घञ् कुत्वं]
1 Joining, uniting.
2 Union, junction, combination
उपरागांते शशिनः समुपगता रोहिणी योगं Ś. 7.22
गुणमहतां महते गुणाय योगः Ki. 10.25
(वां) योगस्तडित्तोयदयोरिवास्तु R. 6.65.
3 Contact, touch, connection
तमंकमारोप्य शरीरयोगजैः सुखैर्निषिंचंतमिवामृतं त्वचि R. 3.26.
4 Employment, application, use
एतैरुपाययोगैस्तु शक्यास्ताः परिरक्षितुं Ms. 9.10
R. 10.86.
5 Mode, manner, course, means,
कथायोगेन बुध्यते H.1. ‘in the course of conversation’.
6 Consequence, result
(mostly at the end of comp. Or in abl.)
रक्षायोगादयमपि तपः प्रत्यहं संचिनोति Ś. 2.14
Ku. 7.55.
7 A yoke.
8 A conveyance, vehicle, carriage.
9 (a) An armour. (b) Putting on armour.
10 Fitness, propriety, suitableness.
11 An occupation, a work, business.
12 A trick, fraud, device.
13 An expedient, plan, means in general.
14 Endeavour, zeal, diligence, assiduity
Ms. 7.44.
15 Remedy, cure.
16 A charm, spell, incantation, magic, magical art.
17 Gaining, acquiring, acquisition.
18 The equipment of an army.
19 Fixing, putting on.
20 A side an argument.
21 An occasion, opportunity.
22 Possibility, occurrence.
23 Wealth, substance.
24 A rule, precept.
25 Dependence, relation, regular order or connection, dependence of one word upon another.
26 Etymology or derivation of the meaning of a word.
27 The etymological meaning of a word (opp. रूढि)
अवयवशक्तिर्योगः.
28 Deep and abstract meditation, concentration of the mind, contemplation of the Supreme Spirit, which in Yoga phil.
Is defined as चित्तवृत्तिनिरोध सती सती योगविसृष्टदेहा Ku. 1.21
V.1.1 योगेनांते तनुत्यजां R.1.8.
29 The system of philosophy esablished by Patañjali, which its considered to be the second division of the Sāṃkhya philosophy, but is practically reckoned as a separate system. (The chief aim of the Yoga philosophy is to teach the means by which the human soul may be completely united with the Supreme Spirit and thus secure absolution and deep abstract meditation islaid down as the chief means of securing this end, elaborate rulesп being given for the proper practice of such Yoga or concentration of mind).
30 A follower of the Yoga system of philosophy.
31(In arith.) Addition.
32 (In astr.) Conjunction, lucky conjunction.
33 A combination of stars.
34 N. Of a particular astronomical division oftime (27 such Yogas are usually enumerated).
35 The principal star in a lunar mansion.
36 Devotion, pious seeking after god.
37 A spy, secret agent.
38 A traitor, a violator of truth or confidence.
अंगं a means of attaining Yoga: (these are eight for their names see यम 5).
अंजनं a healing ointment.
अनुशासनं the doctrine of the Yoga.
आचारः {1} the practice or observance of Yoga. {2} a follower of that Buddhist school which maintains the eternal existence of ntelligence or विज्ञान alone.
आचार्यः {1} a teacher of magic. {2} a teacher of the Yoga philosophy.
आधमनं a fraudulent pledge
Ms. 8.165.
आरूढ a. Engaged in profound and abstract meditation.
आसनं a posture suited to profound and abstract meditation.
इंद्रः, ईशः, ईश्वरः {1} an adept in or a master of Yoga. {2} one who has obtained superhuman faculties.
{3} a magician. {4} a deity. {5} an epithet of Śiva. {6} a Vetāla. {7} an epithet of Yājṇavalkya.
इष्टं {1} tin. {2} lead.
क क्षा = योगपट्टं below.
कन्या N. Of the infant daughter of Yaśodā ( substituted as the child of Devakī for Kṛṣṇa and killed by Kaṃsa. ).
क्षेमः {1} security of possession, keeping safe of property. {2} the charge for securing property from accidents, insurance. {3} welfare, well-being, security, prosperity
तेषां नित्याभियुक्तानां योगक्षेमं वहाम्यहं Bg. 9. 22: मुग्धाया मे जनन्या योगक्षेमं वहस्व M.4.
{4} property, profit, gain. (मौ, मे or मं, i. e. m. оr n. Dual or n. Sing.) acquisition and preservation (of property), gain and security, preserving the old and acquiring the new (not previously obtained)
अलभ्यलाभो योगः स्यात् क्षेमो लब्धस्य पालनम्
see Y. 1.100 and Mit. thereon.
गतिः f. Primitive condition.
चक्षुस् m. A Brāhmaṇa.
चूर्णं a magical powder, a powder having magical virtues
कल्पितमनेन योगचूर्णामिश्रितमौषधं चंद्रगुप्ताय Mu. 2.
जं agallochum.
तल्पं = योगनिद्रा.
तारका,
तारा the chief star in a Nakṣatra or constellation.
दानं {1} communicating the Yoga doctrine. {2} a fraudulent gift.
धारणा perseverance or steady continuance in devotion.
नाथः {1} an epithet of Śiva {2} of Datta.
निद्रा {1} a state of half contemplation and half sleep, a state between sleep and wakefulness
i. e. Light sleep
योगनिद्रां गतस्य मम Pt. 1
H. 3.75
Bh. 3.41. {2} particularly, the sleep of Viṣṇu at the end of a Yuga
R. 10.14
13.6. {3} N. Of Durgā.
निद्रालुः N. Of Viṣṇu.
निलयः N. Of Śiva.
पद्दं a cloth thrown over the back and knees of an ascetic during abstract meditation.
पतिः an epithet of Viṣṇu.
पादुका a magical shoe.
पारंगः N. Of Śiva.
बलं {1} the power of devotion or abstract meditation, any supernatural power. {2} power of magic.
भावना ( in alg.) composition of numbers by the sum of their products.
माया {1} the magical power of the Yoga. {2} the power of God in the creation of the world personified as a deity
(भगवतः सर्जनार्था शाक्तिः). {3} N. оf Durgā.
रंगः the orange.
रत्नं a magical jewel.
राजः {1} a kind of medicinal preparation. {2} one well versed in Yoga.
रूढ a. Having an etymological as well as a special or conventional meaning ( said of a word)
e. g. The word पंकज etymologically means ‘anything produced in mud’, but in usage or popular convention it is restricted to some things only produced in mud, such as the lotus
cf. the word आतपत्र or ‘parasol’.
रोचना a kind of magical ointment said to have the power of making one invisible or invulnerable
तेन च परितुष्टेन योगरोचना मे दत्ता Mk. 3.
वर्तिका a magical lamp or wick.
वाहः a term for the sounds विसर्जनीय, जिह्व मूलीय, उपध्मानीय and नासिक्य q. q. v. v.
वासिष्ठं N. Of a work ( treating of the means of obtaining final beatitude by means of Yoga).
वाहिन् m., n. A medium for mixing medicines e.g. honey
नानाद्रव्यात्मकत्वाच्च योगवाहि परं मधु Suśr.
वाही {1} an alkali. {2} honey. {3} quicksilver.
विक्रयः a fraudulent sale.
विद् a. {1} knowing the proper method, skilful, clever.{2} conversant with Yoga. (m.)
{1} an epithet of Śiva. {2} a practiser of Yoga. {3} a follower of the Yoga doctrines {4} a magician. {5} a compounder of medicines.
विधिः practice of Yoga or mental abstraction
R. 8.22.
विभागः separation of that which is usually combined together into one especially, the separation of the words of a Sūtra, the splitting of one rule into two or more (frequently
used by Patañjali in his Mahābhāṣya e. g. See अदसो मात् P. I. 1.12).
शब्दः a word the meaning of which is plain from the etymology.
शायिन् a. Half asleep and half absorbed in contemplation
cf. योगनिद्रा.
शास्त्रं the Yoga philosophy.
समाधिः the absorption of the soul in profound and abstract contemplation
तमसः परमापदव्ययं पुरुषं योगसमाधिना रघुः R. 8.24.
सारः a universal remedy a panacea.
सूत्रं aphorisms of the Yoga system of philosophy (attributed to Patañjali).
सेवा the practice of abstract meditation.
